The patron saint of Poggibonsi is Saint Lucchese, celebrated every 28 April, the anniversary of his death: the feast is held on the hill where the Basilica di San Lucchese stands, the town's main place of worship dedicated to him.
Among the town's other religious buildings are the Collegiate church of Santa Maria Assunta, the church of San Pietro and that of San Donato, as well as the Sanctuary of Santa Maria al Romituzzo. The territory also holds the Castello della Magione, an important medieval landmark linked to the Order of the Knights of Malta.