The patron saint of Montegabbione is Saint Joseph, celebrated on 19 March. The town's castle is documented from at least 1271; in 1275 the bishop of Orvieto, Aldobrandino Cavalcanti, reached Montegabbione, celebrated the divine offices there and administered confirmation, thereby affirming the castle's belonging to the diocese of Orvieto. In 1289 the community's representatives appeared before Bishop Francesco Monaldeschi to request the appointment of a rector for the castle church of Santa Maria, taking on the obligation to pay tithes to the bishopric.
In 1378 Pope Gregory XI recognised the Montemarte family's rule over the castle, urging the inhabitants of Montegabbione and Monteleone to obey them; the town also has the church of the Madonna delle Grazie, first documented in 1573, though local tradition places its origin as early as the late 15th century.
